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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Brand Name
Selenium Sulfide
Generic Name
Selenium Sulfide
Active Ingredient
Selenium SulfideCategory
Other
Variants
9
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Before using any prescription or over-the-counter medication for Selenium Sulfide, you must consult a qualified healthcare professional.
| 22.5 mg/mL | SHAMPOO | TOPICAL | 72162-1666 |
| 2.5 mg/100mL | LOTION | TOPICAL | 45802-040 |
| 22.5 mg/mL | SHAMPOO | TOPICAL | 69367-229 |
| 22.5 mg/mL | SHAMPOO | TOPICAL | 63629-1148 |
| 2.5 mg/100mL | LOTION | TOPICAL | 50090-0242 |
| 23 mg/mL | SHAMPOO | TOPICAL | 52187-550 |
Detailed information about Selenium Sulfide
Selenium sulfide is a topical antifungal and cytostatic agent used to treat scalp conditions such as dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis, as well as tinea versicolor. It works by slowing the growth of skin cells and reducing the population of Malassezia yeast.
Dosage for selenium sulfide varies based on the condition being treated and the concentration of the product used. It is essential to follow the specific instructions on the product label or those provided by your dermatologist.
Selenium sulfide is generally considered safe for use in children; however, its safety and effectiveness in infants (children under 2 years of age) have not been established through rigorous clinical trials.
Because selenium sulfide is applied topically and has minimal systemic absorption, no dosage adjustments are typically required for patients with kidney disease. However, caution should be exercised if the skin is not intact.
There are no specific dosage adjustments recommended for patients with liver impairment due to the lack of systemic involvement.
No specific age-related dosage adjustments are required. Clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients; however, elderly patients may have thinner skin, necessitating careful monitoring for irritation.
Proper application technique is vital for the efficacy and safety of selenium sulfide:
If you miss a scheduled application, apply it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not apply extra medication to make up for a missed dose, as this may increase the risk of skin irritation.
Over-application on the skin typically results in localized irritation, redness, or a burning sensation. If this occurs, wash the area thoroughly with soap and water and discontinue use until the irritation subsides.
Selenium sulfide is toxic if swallowed. Symptoms of oral ingestion may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and a metallic taste in the mouth. In severe cases, it can lead to central nervous system depression or garlic-like breath odor. If accidental ingestion occurs, contact a Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222 in the US) or seek emergency medical attention immediately.
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions. Do not adjust your dose or frequency without medical guidance, as overuse can lead to scalp oiliness or hair loss.
Most patients tolerate selenium sulfide well when used as directed. However, because it is a potent chemical agent, localized reactions are common.
Selenium sulfide is for external use only. It must never be ingested or applied to internal body surfaces (mucous membranes). Patients should be cautioned that this medication is a potent chemical and should be handled with care. It is essential to keep the product out of reach of children and pets, as accidental ingestion can be fatal.
There are currently no FDA black box warnings for Selenium Sulfide. It has a long-established safety profile for topical use dating back to its initial approval in 1951.
Patients with a known hypersensitivity to selenium or sulfur should avoid this medication. While rare, systemic allergic reactions can occur. If you have a history of severe allergies to other topical products, a 'patch test' (applying a small amount to a tiny area of skin) may be advisable before full application.
There are no documented systemic drug-drug interactions that are strictly contraindicated with topical selenium sulfide. This is primarily due to the drug's lack of significant absorption into the bloodstream. However, from a topical perspective, it should not be used simultaneously on the same area of skin with other potent irritants or specific chemicals that may react with selenium.
Using selenium sulfide in conjunction with other medicated shampoos (such as those containing coal tar, salicylic acid, or ketoconazole) may increase the risk of severe scalp irritation and dryness. If multiple medicated products are prescribed, they should typically be used on alternating days rather than at the same time.
While often used together to manage inflammation, applying a high-potency topical steroid immediately after a selenium sulfide wash may alter the absorption characteristics of the steroid. Healthcare providers usually recommend a specific sequence or time delay between these applications.
Absolute contraindications are conditions under which selenium sulfide must never be used due to the high risk of adverse effects or toxicity.
Selenium sulfide has been assigned to Pregnancy Category C. This means that animal reproduction studies have not been conducted, and there are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. It is not known whether selenium sulfide can cause fetal harm when applied topically to a pregnant woman or if it can affect reproduction capacity.
Trimester-Specific Risks:
It is not known whether selenium sulfide is excreted in human milk. However, because systemic absorption through intact skin is minimal, the amount expected to be present in breast milk is likely negligible.
Selenium sulfide is a cytostatic agent that reduces the rate of epidermal cell proliferation. The primary molecular mechanism involves the interference with hydrogen bond formation in the DNA of epithelial cells, which effectively slows down the mitotic (cell division) rate. In patients with seborrheic dermatitis, the cell turnover rate is significantly higher than in healthy skin; selenium sulfide returns this rate toward normal levels.
Additionally, it exhibits localized antifungal activity. It is particularly effective against Malassezia furfur, a lipophilic yeast. By disrupting the cell membrane integrity or interfering with the metabolic enzymes of the yeast, it reduces the fungal colonization that drives the inflammatory response in dandruff and tinea versicolor.
Common questions about Selenium Sulfide
Selenium sulfide is primarily used to treat scalp and skin conditions characterized by flaking, itching, and fungal overgrowth. Its most common applications include the treatment of dandruff (pityriasis capitis), seborrheic dermatitis, and tinea versicolor, which is a fungal infection causing discolored skin patches. By slowing the growth of skin cells and reducing the population of Malassezia yeast on the skin, it helps manage the underlying causes of these conditions. It is available in both over-the-counter and prescription strengths depending on the severity of the condition. Your doctor may also prescribe it off-label as an adjunct treatment for ringworm of the scalp.
The most frequently reported side effects of selenium sulfide are localized to the area of application and include skin irritation, redness, and a burning sensation. Many users also notice changes in hair texture, such as increased oiliness or unusual dryness of the scalp. Hair discoloration is another common side effect, particularly for those with gray, white, or chemically treated hair, often resulting in a yellowish tint. Some individuals may experience temporary hair shedding or thinning during the initial weeks of treatment. Most of these effects are mild and can be managed by ensuring the product is rinsed thoroughly from the hair for at least five minutes.
There are no known direct drug interactions between topical selenium sulfide and alcohol consumption. Because the medication is applied to the skin and has very minimal absorption into the bloodstream, alcohol does not interfere with how the drug works. However, it is worth noting that alcohol can trigger flares of seborrheic dermatitis in some people by increasing skin inflammation or dehydration. If you notice your skin condition worsens after drinking alcohol, you may want to discuss this with your dermatologist. For the medication itself, there is no medical contraindication regarding alcohol use.
Selenium sulfide is classified as FDA Pregnancy Category C, meaning there is a lack of comprehensive human data regarding its safety during pregnancy. While systemic absorption through intact skin is very low, healthcare providers typically recommend using it only when the potential benefits outweigh the risks. It should never be used on broken or inflamed skin during pregnancy, as this could increase the risk of the drug entering the bloodstream. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, you should consult your obstetrician before using selenium sulfide. They may suggest alternative treatments with more established safety profiles for use during pregnancy.
Most patients begin to see a noticeable improvement in dandruff and itching within the first one to two weeks of regular use. For seborrheic dermatitis, a standard treatment course involves using the shampoo twice weekly for two weeks to achieve initial control. In the case of tinea versicolor, the discolored patches may take several weeks or even months to return to their normal color, even after the fungus has been successfully treated. It is important to continue the treatment for the full duration recommended by your doctor, even if symptoms improve quickly. If no improvement is seen after four weeks of use, you should consult your healthcare provider for a re-evaluation.
Yes, you can stop using selenium sulfide suddenly without experiencing withdrawal symptoms, as it is a topical treatment with no systemic dependence. However, conditions like dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis are often chronic and tend to recur once treatment is discontinued. Most dermatologists recommend a maintenance schedule, such as using the product once every one or two weeks, to keep symptoms from returning. If you stop using it completely, you may notice the flaking and itching return within a few weeks. It is best to discuss a long-term management plan with your doctor rather than stopping treatment abruptly.
If you miss a scheduled application of selenium sulfide, you should apply it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next scheduled application, it is better to skip the missed dose and return to your regular routine. You should never apply a double amount of the medication or leave it on the skin longer than recommended to make up for a missed dose. Over-application can lead to significant skin irritation or scalp oiliness. Consistency is helpful for managing skin conditions, but missing a single dose will not significantly set back your progress. Simply resume your normal schedule as soon as possible.
There is no evidence to suggest that topical selenium sulfide causes weight gain. Because the medication acts locally on the skin and scalp and does not enter the systemic circulation in significant amounts, it does not affect the body's metabolism or appetite. Weight gain is not listed as a side effect in clinical trials or post-marketing surveillance for this drug. If you experience unexplained weight gain while using this medication, it is likely due to other factors such as diet, lifestyle, or a different medical condition. You should consult your healthcare provider to investigate any significant changes in your weight.
Selenium sulfide can generally be used alongside most oral medications, but you should be cautious when using other topical products on the same area. Using other medicated shampoos or topical steroids simultaneously can increase the risk of skin irritation or alter the absorption of the other drugs. It is recommended to space out the application of different topical treatments and to rinse the skin thoroughly between uses. Always inform your doctor or pharmacist about all the products you are using, including over-the-counter creams and hair treatments. They can help you create a safe and effective application schedule.
Yes, selenium sulfide is widely available as a generic medication in various strengths, including 1% and 2.5% formulations. The generic versions are therapeutically equivalent to brand-name products like Selsun or Exsel and are typically more cost-effective. You can find the 1% strength in the hair care or pharmacy aisle of most grocery stores and drugstores without a prescription. The 2.5% strength requires a prescription from a healthcare provider. Whether you use a brand-name or generic version, the active ingredient and its mechanism of action remain the same.
Other drugs with the same active ingredient (Selenium Sulfide)
While rare, serious reactions can occur. You should contact a healthcare professional immediately if you experience:
> Warning: Stop taking Selenium Sulfide and call your doctor immediately if you experience any of these serious symptoms. Prompt medical intervention is necessary to manage allergic or toxic reactions.
Selenium sulfide is generally intended for intermittent or short-term use. Prolonged, daily use over many months or years is not recommended. Long-term use may lead to:
No FDA black box warnings have been issued for selenium sulfide. It is considered a safe medication when used topically according to standard dermatological guidelines. However, its potential for toxicity upon ingestion remains a primary safety concern for households with children.
Report any unusual symptoms or persistent irritation to your healthcare provider. They may recommend a lower concentration or an alternative antifungal agent like ketoconazole or zinc pyrithione.
Do not apply selenium sulfide to skin that is acutely inflamed, oozing, or broken. This includes skin with open cuts, severe scratches, or areas affected by acute eczema flares. Applying the medication to compromised skin significantly increases the risk of systemic absorption and potential selenium toxicity.
Avoid contact with the eyes, inside of the nose, mouth, and genital area. If the product comes into contact with the eyes, rinse immediately with large amounts of cool water for at least 15 minutes. Persistent irritation requires an evaluation by an ophthalmologist.
Selenium sulfide can react with the chemicals used in hair perms and dyes. It is generally recommended to wait at least 48 hours after a chemical hair treatment before using selenium sulfide. Additionally, the product can tarnish silver and other metal jewelry; remove all such items before use.
For most patients, routine laboratory monitoring (such as blood counts or liver function tests) is not necessary because systemic absorption is so low. However, healthcare providers will monitor:
Selenium sulfide does not affect the central nervous system when used topically. There are no restrictions on driving or operating heavy machinery associated with the use of this medication.
There are no known direct interactions between topical selenium sulfide and alcohol consumption. However, alcohol can sometimes exacerbate inflammatory skin conditions like seborrheic dermatitis in certain individuals.
There is no 'withdrawal syndrome' associated with stopping selenium sulfide. However, seborrheic dermatitis is often a chronic condition. If the medication is stopped abruptly without a maintenance plan, the flaking and itching are likely to return within a few weeks. Tapering the frequency (e.g., from twice weekly to once weekly) is the standard approach to finding the minimum effective maintenance dose.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions, especially any history of skin sensitivity or chemical allergies, with your healthcare provider before starting Selenium Sulfide.
Selenium sulfide can interact with the metallic salts sometimes found in hair dyes or the reducing agents in perming solutions. This can lead to unpredictable hair color changes or damage to the hair shaft. Patients are advised to rinse the hair thoroughly and wait at least two days between using selenium sulfide and applying chemical hair treatments.
There are no known interactions between topical selenium sulfide and specific foods, including grapefruit, dairy, or high-fat meals. Because the drug does not enter the digestive system or undergo hepatic metabolism, dietary factors do not influence its efficacy or safety.
There are no documented interactions with common herbal supplements like St. John's Wort or Ginkgo Biloba. However, patients taking high-dose oral selenium supplements should inform their doctor. While topical absorption is low, the cumulative effect of high oral intake and potential topical absorption (if skin is broken) should be considered by the prescribing physician.
Selenium sulfide is not known to interfere with common blood or urine laboratory tests. It does not affect glucose monitoring, coagulation studies, or standard metabolic panels. However, if a patient is undergoing a skin biopsy in the area of use, they should inform the pathologist, as residual selenium might theoretically be detectable on the tissue surface.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking, even if they are only applied to the skin. A complete medication record helps prevent unnecessary irritation and ensures optimal treatment results.
Relative contraindications require a careful risk-benefit analysis by a healthcare professional before proceeding with treatment.
There is a potential for cross-sensitivity in patients who are allergic to sulfur-containing compounds. While selenium sulfide is a distinct chemical entity, some patients with 'sulfur allergies' (which are often actually allergies to sulfonamide antibiotics, a different class) may still experience irritation from inorganic sulfides. A cautious approach is recommended for these individuals.
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history, including any previous skin reactions to shampoos or soaps, before prescribing Selenium Sulfide. Always disclose if you have a history of sensitive skin or eczema.
Precautions:
Selenium sulfide is frequently used in children for the treatment of dandruff and tinea versicolor. However, the FDA notes that safety and effectiveness in infants have not been established.
Clinical studies of selenium sulfide did not include sufficient numbers of subjects aged 65 and over to determine whether they respond differently from younger subjects.
For patients with impaired kidney function, topical application on intact skin is generally considered safe. However, if the skin barrier is compromised, the small amount of absorbed selenium would rely on renal excretion. In patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), caution is paramount to avoid any potential for systemic accumulation.
There are no specific guidelines for the use of selenium sulfide in patients with liver disease (Child-Pugh classes A, B, or C). Since the drug does not undergo significant hepatic metabolism, liver impairment does not typically alter the drug's safety profile when used as directed.
> Important: Special populations require individualized medical assessment. Pregnant or nursing women should always consult their obstetrician or pediatrician before starting any new medication, including topical shampoos.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | < 1% (on intact skin) |
| Protein Binding | N/A (minimal systemic presence) |
| Half-life | N/A (topical action) |
| Tmax | N/A |
| Metabolism | Not significantly metabolized |
| Excretion | Renal (trace amounts if absorbed) |
Selenium sulfide is classified as an antiseborrheic and a topical antifungal. It is often grouped with other scalp treatments such as ketoconazole (an imidazole antifungal), zinc pyrithione (an antifungal/antiseptic), and coal tar (a keratoplastic). Unlike coal tar, which works primarily by slowing skin cell growth, selenium sulfide provides the dual benefit of cytostatic and antifungal activity.