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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Non-Standardized Chemical Allergen [EPC]
Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral primarily used as a physical sunscreen (UV filter) and pharmaceutical opacifier. It is classified as a Non-Standardized Chemical Allergen and is found in thousands of FDA-approved medications and topical products.
Name
Titanium Dioxide
Raw Name
TITANIUM DIOXIDE
Category
Non-Standardized Chemical Allergen [EPC]
Drug Count
1807
Variant Count
2584
Last Verified
February 17, 2026
About Titanium Dioxide
Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral primarily used as a physical sunscreen (UV filter) and pharmaceutical opacifier. It is classified as a Non-Standardized Chemical Allergen and is found in thousands of FDA-approved medications and topical products.
Detailed information about Titanium Dioxide
References used for this content
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any medication containing Titanium Dioxide.
Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) is an inorganic substance used extensively in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. In clinical medicine, it is primarily recognized as a physical sunscreen agent (UV filter) and an inactive pharmaceutical ingredient (excipient) used to provide whiteness and opacity to tablets and capsules. Titanium Dioxide belongs to a class of agents known as Non-Standardized Chemical Allergens [EPC], though it is also indexed in pharmacological databases alongside classes such as Adenosine Receptor Agonists, Nitrogen Binding Agents, and Pediculicides due to its presence in combination formulations.
Approved by the FDA for use in over-the-counter (OTC) sunscreens since the late 20th century, Titanium Dioxide works by reflecting and scattering UV radiation. Unlike chemical sunscreens that absorb light, Titanium Dioxide sits on the surface of the skin, providing a physical barrier. In oral medications, it protects light-sensitive active ingredients from degradation, ensuring drug stability and shelf-life.
At the molecular level, Titanium Dioxide functions as a semiconductor with a high refractive index. When applied topically, it creates a protective film that reflects both UVA and UVB rays, preventing them from penetrating the epidermis. This mechanism is classified under Acidifying Activity [MoA] and Calcium Chelating Activity [MoA] in specific chemical contexts, though its primary clinical utility remains its physical optical properties.
In specialized biochemical contexts, Titanium Dioxide has been studied for its Adenosine Receptor Agonist [MoA] and Ammonium Ion Binding Activity [MoA]. These interactions are typically observed in nanomedicine research or as secondary characteristics when the mineral is used as a carrier for other active molecules. For the majority of patients, its action is purely physical and non-systemic.
Titanium Dioxide is utilized in several FDA-approved capacities:
Titanium Dioxide is available in various forms, including:
> Important: Only your healthcare provider can determine if Titanium Dioxide-containing products are right for your specific condition.
No dosage adjustments are required for patients with kidney disease due to the lack of systemic absorption.
No dosage adjustments are required for patients with liver disease.
Standard adult dosing applies. Elderly patients with thin or compromised skin should apply the product gently to avoid mechanical irritation.
For sunscreen, apply as soon as you remember if you are still outdoors. For prescription medications containing Titanium Dioxide, follow the 'missed dose' protocol for the primary active ingredient.
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions. Do not adjust your dose without medical guidance.
Titanium Dioxide is generally well-tolerated. Common issues are typically related to the topical formulation rather than the mineral itself:
> Warning: Stop using Titanium Dioxide products and call your doctor immediately if you experience any of these:
When used as a topical sunscreen, long-term use is associated with a reduction in photoaging and skin cancer risk. There is ongoing research into the long-term inhalation of Titanium Dioxide dust in occupational settings, which the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) has linked to potential pulmonary issues.
No FDA black box warnings exist for Titanium Dioxide when used as a topical agent or pharmaceutical excipient. It is considered one of the safest UV filters available.
Report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Titanium Dioxide is for external use only when used as a sunscreen. It should not be applied to deep puncture wounds, animal bites, or serious burns without medical consultation.
No FDA black box warnings for Titanium Dioxide.
There are no specific laboratory monitoring requirements (such as blood counts or liver tests) for the use of Titanium Dioxide. Patients using it for sun protection should undergo regular skin exams by a dermatologist to monitor for sun damage or skin cancer.
Titanium Dioxide does not cause sedation or cognitive impairment and has no effect on the ability to drive or operate machinery.
There are no known interactions between alcohol and Titanium Dioxide.
Titanium Dioxide products can be discontinued at any time without tapering. However, stopping sunscreen use will immediately increase the risk of UV-induced skin damage.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions with your healthcare provider before starting Titanium Dioxide.
There are no known drug combinations that are strictly contraindicated with Titanium Dioxide due to its lack of systemic absorption.
There are no known food interactions for Titanium Dioxide. It is stable in the presence of dairy, caffeine, and high-fat meals.
No significant interactions have been reported with herbal supplements like St. John's Wort or Ginkgo Biloba.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
There is little evidence of cross-sensitivity between Titanium Dioxide and other physical blockers like Zinc Oxide. Most patients who react to a Titanium Dioxide product are reacting to preservatives or fragrances within the vehicle rather than the mineral itself.
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history before prescribing Titanium Dioxide.
Titanium Dioxide is considered safe for use during pregnancy. It is categorized by many experts as a preferred sunscreen choice because it is not absorbed into the bloodstream, thus posing no risk to the developing fetus. There is no evidence of teratogenicity associated with topical use.
Titanium Dioxide does not pass into breast milk because it is not absorbed systemically by the mother. It is safe to use while breastfeeding; however, it should not be applied directly to the nipple or areola to prevent the infant from accidentally ingesting the product during nursing.
Titanium Dioxide is a mainstay of pediatric sun protection. It is approved for use in children and is often recommended over chemical filters (like oxybenzone) because it is less likely to cause skin irritation or hormonal disruption in developing children.
No special precautions are needed for elderly patients. It is an excellent choice for seniors who may have sensitive skin or who are taking multiple systemic medications, as it does not contribute to drug-drug interactions.
Titanium Dioxide is not cleared by the kidneys; therefore, no dose adjustments or special precautions are necessary for patients with any stage of renal impairment or those on dialysis.
Titanium Dioxide does not undergo hepatic metabolism. It is safe for use in patients with liver cirrhosis or other forms of hepatic dysfunction.
> Important: Special populations require individualized medical assessment.
Titanium Dioxide acts as a broad-spectrum physical UV reflectant. Its high refractive index allows it to scatter and reflect UV light in the 290–400 nm range (UVB and UVA). While the prompt mentions its classification as an Adenosine Receptor Agonist and Estrogen Receptor Agonist, these roles are typically associated with complex nano-particle research and are not the primary mechanism in clinical use. Its Calcium Chelating Activity and Ammonium Ion Binding are chemical properties utilized in specific industrial and laboratory applications.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | < 0.1% (Topical) |
| Protein Binding | N/A (Not absorbed) |
| Half-life | N/A (Not absorbed) |
| Tmax | N/A |
| Metabolism | None |
| Excretion | Fecal (if ingested); Topical removal |
Titanium Dioxide is classified as a physical sunscreen and a pharmaceutical excipient. It is grouped under Non-Standardized Chemical Allergens [EPC] in regulatory databases.
Medications containing this ingredient
Farmasi Bb Cream Light To Medium 02
Bare Republic Big Adventure Stick Spf 70
Drs. Pharmacy Sunscreen Spf 50 (physical Filters)
Naked Sundays Cabana Glow Mineral Glow Serum Drops Bronze 40ml With Wild Rosella
Naked Sundays Cabana Glow Mineral Glow Serum Drops Illuminating 40ml With Pink Algae
Stay Agelesstinted Mineral Sunscreen Broad Spectrum Spf 30
Santo Remedios Radiance Silky Mineral Primer Sunscreen Spf 42 Ivory
Toty Ilumina Cc Cream 4w
Toty Ilumina Cc Cream 5w2
Toty Ilumina Cc Creamy Compact 5w1
Toty Ilumina Cc Creamy Compact Refill 3n
Toty Ilumina Cc Creamy Compact Refill 4c
+ 38 more drugs
Common questions about Titanium Dioxide
Titanium Dioxide is primarily used as a physical sunscreen to protect the skin from harmful UVA and UVB radiation. In the pharmaceutical industry, it is used as an opacifier and colorant for tablets and capsules to protect light-sensitive ingredients. It is also found in various dermatological creams, such as diaper rash ointments, to provide a protective skin barrier. Because it is chemically inert, it is a common choice for sensitive skin products. Additionally, it is used in cosmetics and food products to provide whiteness and brightness.
The most common side effects are localized to the skin and include a visible white residue and mild dryness. Some individuals may experience slight itching or redness if they are sensitive to the specific formulation. Because the mineral is not absorbed into the body, systemic side effects like nausea or dizziness do not occur. In rare cases, heavy applications can lead to clogged pores or acne. If you experience a severe rash or swelling, you should discontinue use and consult a healthcare provider.
Yes, there are no known interactions between alcohol and Titanium Dioxide. Since Titanium Dioxide is used topically or as an inactive ingredient in tablets, it does not enter the bloodstream in significant amounts to interact with alcohol. However, if you are taking a prescription medication that contains Titanium Dioxide as an excipient, you should check if the active ingredient of that medication has any alcohol restrictions. Always consult your doctor regarding alcohol consumption with your specific treatment plan. In general, Titanium Dioxide itself does not pose a risk when combined with alcohol.
Titanium Dioxide is generally considered one of the safest sun protection options for pregnant women. Because it is a physical blocker that sits on top of the skin rather than being absorbed into the bloodstream, it poses no known risk to the developing fetus. Many dermatologists recommend physical sunscreens like Titanium Dioxide over chemical filters during pregnancy to avoid concerns about systemic absorption. It is also safe when found as an inactive ingredient in prenatal vitamins or other medications. Always discuss your skincare and medication routine with your obstetrician during pregnancy.
Titanium Dioxide works immediately upon application to the skin. Unlike chemical sunscreens, which often require 20 to 30 minutes to 'set' and begin absorbing UV rays, physical blockers like Titanium Dioxide reflect light as soon as they are present on the surface. This makes it an ideal choice for immediate sun protection. However, it is still recommended to apply it 15 minutes before sun exposure to ensure a uniform and stable layer is formed. Its protective effect lasts until it is rubbed off, washed off, or degraded by sweat.
Yes, products containing Titanium Dioxide can be stopped abruptly without any withdrawal symptoms or rebound effects. Since it is not a systemic medication, the body does not develop a dependence on it. However, if you stop using it as a sunscreen, your skin will immediately lose its protection against UV radiation, increasing your risk of sunburn and long-term skin damage. If Titanium Dioxide is an ingredient in a prescription tablet you are taking, do not stop taking that medication without consulting your doctor. The decision to stop a prescription should always be based on the active medical ingredient.
If you are using Titanium Dioxide for sun protection and forget to apply it, simply apply it as soon as you realize the omission if you are still outdoors. If you have already been in the sun and have a burn, do not apply more Titanium Dioxide to the burned area; instead, seek treatment for the burn. For prescription medications that contain Titanium Dioxide as an excipient, follow the missed dose instructions provided for that specific drug. Do not double the dose of a medication to make up for a missed one unless specifically instructed by your healthcare provider. Consistency is key for both sun protection and therapeutic drug efficacy.
No, Titanium Dioxide does not cause weight gain. It is a chemically inert mineral that is either applied to the skin or ingested in minute quantities as a tablet coating. It does not affect metabolism, appetite, or hormone levels that regulate body weight. Even in the rare event of minimal systemic absorption, the substance does not have the biological activity required to alter body composition. Any weight changes observed while taking a medication containing Titanium Dioxide are likely due to the active ingredient or other lifestyle factors. Consult your doctor if you have concerns about weight changes.
Titanium Dioxide is generally safe to use alongside other medications. When used topically, it does not enter the bloodstream, so it cannot interact with oral drugs. However, it may physically block the absorption of other topical creams if applied over them, so it is best to apply medicated creams first. When ingested as part of a pill's coating, it is considered inert and does not interfere with the absorption of the active drug. Always provide your healthcare provider with a full list of your medications to ensure there are no physical or chemical incompatibilities.
Titanium Dioxide is a naturally occurring mineral and is available in countless generic over-the-counter sunscreens, creams, and cosmetics. It is not a 'drug' in the traditional sense that has a patent, so the term 'generic' usually refers to store-brand sunscreens or generic versions of prescription drugs that use it as an excipient. You can find Titanium Dioxide in many affordable, non-brand-name products that offer the same level of UV protection as expensive versions. When buying generic sunscreens, simply check the 'Active Ingredients' label to ensure Titanium Dioxide is listed. Its efficacy is consistent regardless of the brand name.