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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Parathyroid Hormone [EPC]
Capsella Bursa-pastoris, commonly known as Shepherd's Purse, is a botanical extract categorized under several pharmacologic classes including Parathyroid Hormone [EPC] and Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC], primarily utilized for its hemostatic and metabolic properties.
Name
Capsella Bursa-pastoris
Raw Name
CAPSELLA BURSA-PASTORIS
Category
Parathyroid Hormone [EPC]
Drug Count
11
Variant Count
20
Last Verified
February 17, 2026
About Capsella Bursa-pastoris
Capsella Bursa-pastoris, commonly known as Shepherd's Purse, is a botanical extract categorized under several pharmacologic classes including Parathyroid Hormone [EPC] and Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC], primarily utilized for its hemostatic and metabolic properties.
Detailed information about Capsella Bursa-pastoris
References used for this content
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any medication containing Capsella Bursa-pastoris.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris, known colloquially as Shepherd's Purse, is a herbaceous plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family. In the context of modern clinical pharmacology and regulatory oversight, it is uniquely categorized under several Established Pharmacologic Classes (EPCs), most notably as a Parathyroid Hormone [EPC], Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC], and as various forms of Standardized and Non-Standardized Allergenic Extracts. This diverse classification reflects its multifaceted biological activity, ranging from its traditional use as a hemostatic (an agent that stops bleeding) to its regulated use in allergy diagnostics and potential influence on calcium-regulating pathways.
As a Parathyroid Hormone [EPC], Capsella Bursa-pastoris is recognized for its potential interaction with the parathyroid axis, which governs calcium and phosphate homeostasis in the human body. While it is a botanical entity, its inclusion in this class suggests a molecular mimicry or a direct stimulatory effect on the parathyroid hormone receptors or the gland itself, though clinical use in this specific capacity is often reserved for specialized therapeutic contexts. Furthermore, its classification as a Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC] indicates that certain alkaloids within the plant, such as bursine, may interact with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, influencing neuromuscular transmission and autonomic nervous system functions.
Historically, Capsella Bursa-pastoris has been utilized for centuries in various pharmacopeias, including the German Commission E, primarily for the treatment of menorrhagia (heavy menstrual bleeding) and epistaxis (nosebleeds). Its FDA history is complex, appearing primarily in the National Drug Code (NDC) directory as an active ingredient in homeopathic preparations, allergen extracts, and specific copper-containing intrauterine device (IUD) contexts. It is important to note that while it is widely available as a dietary supplement, its use in clinical medicine is strictly regulated, especially when utilized as a standardized allergen or a potent cholinergic agent.
The mechanism of action for Capsella Bursa-pastoris is highly dependent on the specific pharmacologic class being utilized. At the molecular level, its hemostatic properties are attributed to its high concentration of flavonoids (such as diosmin and rutin), polypeptides, and organic acids (like fumaric acid). These components are thought to stimulate the contraction of smooth muscle, particularly in the uterus and blood vessels, thereby reducing blood loss.
In its role as a Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC], the active constituents of Capsella Bursa-pastoris bind to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors located at the neuromuscular junction and within the autonomic ganglia. This binding triggers the opening of ion channels, leading to cellular depolarization. This action can result in increased muscle tone and altered parasympathetic signaling, which explains its historical use in stimulating uterine contractions.
Regarding its classification as a Parathyroid Hormone [EPC], the mechanism involves the modulation of calcium-sensing receptors (CaSR) or direct interaction with PTH receptors (PTH1R and PTH2R). By mimicking or augmenting parathyroid hormone activity, it may influence the mobilization of calcium from the bone into the bloodstream and increase renal calcium reabsorption. This complex interaction requires careful clinical monitoring to avoid hypercalcemia or bone density alterations.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is utilized in several distinct clinical and diagnostic areas:
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is available in the following dosage forms:
> Important: Only your healthcare provider can determine if Capsella Bursa-pastoris is right for your specific condition. Its use as a parathyroid or cholinergic agent requires professional oversight due to the risk of systemic imbalances.
Dosage of Capsella Bursa-pastoris varies significantly based on the indication and the concentration of the extract. For general hemostatic support in adults, healthcare providers may recommend:
In the context of its use as a Parathyroid Hormone [EPC] or Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC], dosing is highly individualized and must be managed by a specialist. These doses are often much lower and titrated based on serum calcium levels or clinical response.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is generally NOT recommended for pediatric use unless specifically directed by a pediatric specialist. There is insufficient clinical data to establish safety or efficacy in children under the age of 18. If prescribed, dosing is typically calculated based on body surface area or weight (mg/kg), but this remains off-label and carries significant risk due to its hormonal and cholinergic activity.
Patients with impaired kidney function (CrCl < 60 mL/min) should use Capsella Bursa-pastoris with extreme caution. Because the kidneys are the primary route of elimination for its metabolites, renal impairment can lead to accumulation and increased toxicity. Dose reductions of 25-50% may be necessary.
Since the liver processes the active alkaloids and flavonoids through the CYP450 system, patients with Child-Pugh Class B or C impairment may experience prolonged half-lives. Monitoring for liver enzyme elevations is recommended if used long-term.
Geriatric patients often have reduced physiological reserve and are more susceptible to the cholinergic effects (e.g., bradycardia, confusion) and parathyroid-related calcium shifts. Starting at the lowest possible dose (e.g., 25% of the standard adult dose) is advised.
If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up, as this increases the risk of cholinergic toxicity or acute calcium shifts.
Signs of overdose may include:
In the event of a suspected overdose, contact your local poison control center or seek emergency medical attention immediately. Emergency treatment may involve gastric lavage and the administration of atropine if cholinergic symptoms are life-threatening.
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions. Do not adjust your dose without medical guidance. Improper dosing can lead to significant hormonal and autonomic imbalances.
Patients taking Capsella Bursa-pastoris frequently report gastrointestinal disturbances. These include:
> Warning: Stop taking Capsella Bursa-pastoris and call your doctor immediately if you experience any of these.
Prolonged use of Capsella Bursa-pastoris (exceeding 4-6 weeks) may lead to:
No FDA black box warnings for Capsella Bursa-pastoris have been issued as of 2026. However, regulatory agencies emphasize that botanical extracts with hormonal or cholinergic activity must be used under strict clinical supervision.
Report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider. Monitoring of blood pressure, heart rate, and serum electrolytes is recommended for those on long-term therapy.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is a potent biological agent. It should not be viewed as a 'mild herb' but as a pharmacologically active substance that can influence heart rate, blood clotting, and hormonal balance. Patients with a history of heart disease, kidney stones, or hormonal disorders must consult a specialist before use.
No FDA black box warnings for Capsella Bursa-pastoris.
Patients taking therapeutic doses of Capsella Bursa-pastoris should undergo the following monitoring:
Capsella Bursa-pastoris may cause dizziness, vertigo, or blurred vision in some patients. Do not drive or operate heavy machinery until you know how this medication affects you. The risk is increased if combined with alcohol or other CNS depressants.
Alcohol should be avoided while taking Capsella Bursa-pastoris. Alcohol can exacerbate the gastrointestinal side effects and may potentiate the dizziness and sedative effects associated with cholinergic activity. Furthermore, many tinctures are alcohol-based, and additional consumption can lead to excessive intake.
Do not stop taking Capsella Bursa-pastoris abruptly if you have been using it for a prolonged period. While it does not have a traditional withdrawal syndrome, sudden cessation after long-term use for hemostasis may lead to rebound bleeding or shifts in calcium levels. A gradual taper over 1 week is recommended under medical supervision.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions with your healthcare provider before starting Capsella Bursa-pastoris. Ensure they are aware of any history of blood clots or endocrine disorders.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking. The interaction between botanical extracts and synthetic drugs can be unpredictable and dangerous.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris must NEVER be used in the following circumstances:
Patients with known allergies to the following should avoid Capsella Bursa-pastoris:
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history before prescribing Capsella Bursa-pastoris. Do not self-prescribe this extract if you have any history of hormonal or clotting disorders.
FDA Category: X (Botanical Context). Capsella Bursa-pastoris is strictly contraindicated during pregnancy. Clinical data and traditional usage confirm its role as an abortifacient and uterine stimulant. It contains alkaloids that increase the frequency and force of uterine contractions, posing a severe risk of fetal loss or preterm birth. There is no safe dosage for pregnant women. If pregnancy is suspected, discontinuation must be immediate, and a healthcare provider should be consulted.
It is unknown whether the active constituents of Capsella Bursa-pastoris pass into human breast milk. However, due to the potential for cholinergic effects (such as diarrhea or irritability) and parathyroid-related electrolyte shifts in the nursing infant, use during breastfeeding is generally not recommended. A risk-benefit analysis by a physician is required.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is not approved for use in children. The risk of interfering with the developing endocrine system, particularly the parathyroid-calcium axis, is significant. Furthermore, children are more susceptible to cholinergic toxicity. In cases of accidental ingestion, pediatric patients should be monitored for bradycardia and respiratory distress.
Patients over the age of 65 are at a higher risk for adverse effects. Reduced renal clearance in the elderly can lead to toxic accumulation. There is also a heightened risk of falls due to dizziness and orthostatic hypotension. Geriatric patients taking this for hemostasis should be monitored closely for signs of unintended clotting (e.g., stroke or DVT).
In patients with a GFR below 30 mL/min, Capsella Bursa-pastoris should be avoided. For GFR 30-60 mL/min, a dose reduction of at least 50% is mandatory. The high oxalate content of the plant also poses a specific risk of acute oxalate nephropathy in patients with pre-existing renal disease.
Patients with significant liver disease (Child-Pugh B or C) should use this extract with caution. The metabolism of its flavonoid components is dependent on hepatic enzymes, and impairment can lead to increased systemic exposure. Baseline and periodic LFTs are recommended.
> Important: Special populations require individualized medical assessment. The hormonal and cholinergic nature of this extract makes it particularly risky for the very young, the elderly, and pregnant individuals.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris acts through several distinct molecular pathways. As a Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC], it contains alkaloids like bursine that bind to nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). This binding increases the permeability of the cell membrane to sodium and potassium ions, leading to depolarization.
In its capacity as a Parathyroid Hormone [EPC], it is hypothesized to interact with the G-protein coupled receptors of the parathyroid system. This may stimulate the release of intracellular calcium or mimic the action of endogenous PTH on the kidneys and bone, although the exact peptide responsible for this is still a subject of pharmacological research.
Its hemostatic effect is mediated by flavonoids like diosmin, which increases vascular tone and reduces capillary permeability, and rutin, which supports platelet aggregation and vascular integrity.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | 25-40% (Oral) |
| Protein Binding | 65-75% |
| Half-life | 3-6 hours |
| Tmax | 1.5 hours |
| Metabolism | Hepatic (CYP3A4/2D6) |
| Excretion | Renal 80%, Fecal 20% |
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is categorized as a Parathyroid Hormone [EPC], Cholinergic Nicotinic Agonist [EPC], and Standardized Chemical Allergen [EPC]. It is related to other botanical hemostatics like Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) but is unique in its specific hormonal EPC classification.
Medications containing this ingredient
Common questions about Capsella Bursa-pastoris
Capsella Bursa-pastoris, or Shepherd's Purse, is primarily used as a hemostatic agent to control various types of bleeding, such as heavy menstrual periods or nosebleeds. In clinical settings, it is also categorized as a Parathyroid Hormone [EPC], suggesting it may be used to influence calcium levels and parathyroid function. Additionally, it serves as a standardized allergen for diagnostic skin testing in patients with plant allergies. Some healthcare providers may use it for its cholinergic effects on smooth muscle. Always consult a doctor before using it for any of these purposes.
The most frequently reported side effects include gastrointestinal issues such as nausea, stomach upset, and mild diarrhea. Some patients also experience headaches or a sensation of dizziness, particularly when changing positions. Because it affects smooth muscle, some women may experience pelvic cramping. Increased salivation is also common due to its cholinergic properties. If these symptoms become severe or persistent, you should contact your healthcare provider immediately.
No, it is highly recommended that you avoid alcohol while taking Capsella Bursa-pastoris. Alcohol can increase the risk of dizziness and drowsiness associated with the drug's cholinergic effects. It can also worsen gastrointestinal irritation and potentially interfere with the drug's ability to regulate bleeding. Since many liquid forms of this medication already contain alcohol as a preservative, additional consumption can lead to toxicity. Always discuss your alcohol intake with your doctor when starting a new medication.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is strictly contraindicated during pregnancy and is classified as unsafe. It acts as a uterine stimulant, which means it can cause the uterus to contract, potentially leading to miscarriage or premature labor. Historically, it has been used as an abortifacient, making it extremely dangerous for pregnant women. There is no known safe dose during any stage of pregnancy. If you are pregnant or planning to become pregnant, do not use this product.
For acute issues like minor bleeding, the effects of Capsella Bursa-pastoris can often be seen within 30 to 60 minutes of administration. However, for chronic conditions like menorrhagia, it may take one or two full menstrual cycles of consistent use to see a significant reduction in blood loss. If being used for its parathyroid or metabolic effects, blood chemistry changes may be observed within a few hours. Always follow the timeline provided by your healthcare professional. If symptoms do not improve within a few days, seek medical advice.
While Capsella Bursa-pastoris is not known to be addictive, you should not stop taking it suddenly if you have been using it for a long period. Abruptly stopping a medication that affects blood clotting or hormonal balance can lead to rebound symptoms, such as increased bleeding. It is best to work with your doctor to gradually reduce your dose over a week or two. This allows your body to adjust its own hormonal and clotting mechanisms. Always follow a medically supervised tapering plan.
If you miss a dose, you should take it as soon as you remember, unless it is nearly time for your next scheduled dose. In that case, skip the missed dose and continue with your regular dosing schedule. Never take two doses at once to make up for a missed one, as this can increase the risk of serious side effects like bradycardia or hypercalcemia. Consistency is key for the medication to be effective, especially for bleeding control. If you frequently miss doses, consider using a pill reminder or app.
There is currently no clinical evidence to suggest that Capsella Bursa-pastoris causes significant weight gain. However, because it can influence the parathyroid hormone and calcium levels, some patients might experience changes in fluid retention or bloating. If you notice rapid weight gain or swelling in your extremities, it could be a sign of a more serious side effect like kidney or heart issues. Such symptoms should be reported to a doctor immediately. It is not intended for use as a weight management aid.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris has several significant drug interactions, particularly with blood thinners like Warfarin and Aspirin. Taking these together can be dangerous because they have opposite effects on blood clotting. It also interacts with heart medications like Digoxin and other cholinergic drugs used for Alzheimer's or glaucoma. Because it can affect calcium levels, it may also interfere with bone medications. Always provide your doctor with a full list of your current medications to avoid dangerous interactions.
Capsella Bursa-pastoris is a botanical ingredient and is widely available under its common name, Shepherd's Purse, as a generic herbal supplement. It is also found in various branded homeopathic remedies and standardized allergen extracts. Because it is a plant-based product, 'generic' usually refers to non-branded bulk powders or tinctures. However, the quality and concentration can vary significantly between manufacturers. It is important to choose a product that has been third-party tested for purity and potency.