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Medical Disclaimer: This information is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice.
Non-Standardized Fungal Allergenic Extract [EPC]
Althaea Officinalis Leaf, commonly known as Marshmallow leaf, is a mucilage-rich botanical agent used as a demulcent and a non-standardized plant allergenic extract for diagnostic purposes.
Name
Althaea Officinalis Leaf
Raw Name
ALTHAEA OFFICINALIS LEAF
Category
Non-Standardized Fungal Allergenic Extract [EPC]
Drug Count
5
Variant Count
5
Last Verified
February 17, 2026
About Althaea Officinalis Leaf
Althaea Officinalis Leaf, commonly known as Marshmallow leaf, is a mucilage-rich botanical agent used as a demulcent and a non-standardized plant allergenic extract for diagnostic purposes.
Detailed information about Althaea Officinalis Leaf
References used for this content
This page is for informational purposes only and does not replace medical advice. Consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any medication containing Althaea Officinalis Leaf.
Historically, the Althaea genus has been used for millennia, with its name originating from the Greek word 'althein,' meaning 'to heal.' The leaf contains a complex mixture of polysaccharides, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. In the context of modern pharmacology, it is essential to distinguish between the leaf's use as a therapeutic botanical and its specialized role as an allergenic extract. As an allergenic extract, it is used by allergists to identify sensitivities in patients presenting with respiratory or dermatological symptoms related to plant exposure. The FDA has maintained Althaea Officinalis on the list of non-standardized extracts, meaning its potency is not measured by a specific biological unit but rather by its weight-to-volume (w/v) ratio during preparation.
The mechanism of action for Althaea Officinalis Leaf is dual-faceted, depending on its clinical application. When used therapeutically for its demulcent properties, the primary active constituents are the mucilage polysaccharides (specifically rhamnogalacturonans, glucans, and arabinogalactans). These large molecules are not significantly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract; instead, they form a physical, protective viscous layer over the mucous membranes of the oropharynx (throat) and gastric lining. This layer acts as a mechanical barrier against chemical and physical irritants, effectively reducing the cough reflex and soothing inflamed tissues. At the molecular level, these polysaccharides may also interact with epithelial cell surfaces, though this is primarily a physical rather than a receptor-mediated biochemical interaction.
In its role as a Non-Standardized Plant Allergenic Extract, the mechanism is immunological. When introduced to the skin via prick or intradermal testing, the proteins and glycoproteins within the leaf extract interact with specific Immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies bound to the surface of mast cells in a sensitized individual. This interaction triggers mast cell degranulation, releasing histamine and other inflammatory mediators, which results in a localized 'wheal and flare' reaction. This reaction allows clinicians to confirm a Type I hypersensitivity to the plant.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf is utilized in several clinical and traditional contexts:
Althaea Officinalis Leaf is available in several preparations:
> Important: Only your healthcare provider can determine if Althaea Officinalis Leaf is right for your specific condition.
Dosage for Althaea Officinalis Leaf varies significantly based on the intended use and the preparation type.
In a clinical setting, an allergist will use a highly diluted liquid extract. For Skin Prick Testing (SPT), a single drop of the non-standardized extract (often 1:20 w/v) is applied to the skin, followed by a puncture. For Intradermal Testing, a much higher dilution (e.g., 0.02 mL of a 1:1000 w/v solution) may be injected into the dermis.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf is generally considered safe for children when used appropriately as a demulcent, but specific medical guidance is required.
No specific dosage adjustments are provided in literature for renal impairment, as the primary components are not systemically absorbed. However, patients with end-stage renal disease should consult a physician to ensure no interference with fluid restriction protocols.
There are no known requirements for dosage adjustment in patients with hepatic impairment. The lack of systemic metabolism for the mucilage components suggests a high safety margin.
Elderly patients should be monitored for potential interactions with other medications, particularly regarding the timing of administration, as mucilage can slow the absorption of concurrent oral drugs.
When taking Althaea Officinalis Leaf orally, it is best to take it with a full glass of water. Because the mucilage can physically coat the stomach and potentially delay the absorption of other medications, it should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after any other oral medications. For the best demulcent effect in the throat, the liquid preparations (tea or syrup) should be sipped slowly to allow maximum contact time with the mucosal surfaces.
Storage: Store dried leaves or extracts in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Keep liquid extracts refrigerated if specified by the manufacturer.
If you miss a dose of Althaea Officinalis Leaf, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and return to your regular schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.
Overdose with Althaea Officinalis Leaf is rare and generally not life-threatening due to its low systemic absorption. Symptoms of excessive intake may include:
In the event of a massive ingestion or a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) during diagnostic testing, seek emergency medical attention immediately.
> Important: Follow your healthcare provider's dosing instructions. Do not adjust your dose without medical guidance.
When used as a demulcent at standard doses, Althaea Officinalis Leaf is exceptionally well-tolerated. However, some individuals may experience:
While Althaea is generally safe, serious reactions are possible, particularly when used as an allergenic extract or in highly sensitive individuals.
> Warning: Stop taking Althaea Officinalis Leaf and call your doctor immediately if you experience any of these.
There is limited data on the long-term use of Althaea Officinalis Leaf. Because it can interfere with the absorption of other nutrients and medications, chronic use without medical supervision could theoretically lead to sub-therapeutic levels of essential medications or minor nutritional deficiencies. However, no specific toxicities to the liver, kidneys, or bone marrow have been documented with prolonged use.
No FDA black box warnings currently exist for Althaea Officinalis Leaf. It is categorized as Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS) for use in foods in the United States. However, as a non-standardized allergenic extract, it must only be administered by healthcare professionals equipped to treat anaphylaxis.
Report any unusual symptoms to your healthcare provider.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf is primarily used for its soothing properties, but it is not a substitute for medical treatment of underlying conditions such as chronic bronchitis, asthma, or gastrointestinal ulcers. Patients should ensure they have an accurate diagnosis before relying on botanical demulcents.
No FDA black box warnings for Althaea Officinalis Leaf.
For most patients, routine laboratory monitoring is not required. However, certain populations may need:
Althaea Officinalis Leaf does not typically cause sedation or cognitive impairment. It is generally considered safe to drive or operate machinery while using this substance. However, if you experience dizziness or an allergic reaction, refrain from these activities and consult your doctor.
There are no known direct interactions between Althaea Officinalis Leaf and alcohol. However, alcohol can irritate the mucous membranes that Althaea is intended to soothe, potentially reducing the efficacy of the treatment.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf can be stopped abruptly without the risk of withdrawal symptoms or physiological dependence. If you were using it to manage a chronic cough or gastric irritation, symptoms may return upon discontinuation.
> Important: Discuss all your medical conditions with your healthcare provider before starting Althaea Officinalis Leaf.
There are no documented 'absolute' drug contraindications where the combination is guaranteed to be fatal; however, Althaea Officinalis Leaf should not be used simultaneously with any medication where immediate absorption is critical for life-saving measures (e.g., certain emergency oral medications), as the mucilage may delay their onset of action.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf is not known to interfere with standard blood chemistry or hematology panels. However, its use as an allergenic extract will obviously produce a positive result in skin prick tests for those sensitized to it.
> Important: Tell your doctor about ALL medications, supplements, and herbal products you are taking.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf must NEVER be used in the following circumstances:
Conditions requiring a careful risk-benefit analysis include:
Patients who are allergic to the following may also react to Althaea Officinalis Leaf:
> Important: Your healthcare provider will evaluate your complete medical history before prescribing Althaea Officinalis Leaf.
FDA Pregnancy Category: Not formally assigned (typically treated as Category B or C).
There is a lack of high-quality, controlled clinical trial data regarding the use of Althaea Officinalis Leaf in pregnant women. Traditionally, it has been used without reported teratogenic effects; however, because it may affect blood glucose levels and nutrient absorption, it should only be used under the direct supervision of an obstetrician. Animal studies are insufficient to rule out all risks to fetal development.
It is unknown whether the constituents of Althaea Officinalis Leaf are excreted in human milk. Since the primary polysaccharides are not absorbed systemically by the mother, they are unlikely to reach the infant via breast milk. However, smaller phenolic compounds could potentially pass through. Use during breastfeeding should be limited to short durations and only after consulting a healthcare provider.
Althaea is frequently used in pediatric cough syrups in Europe and other regions. While generally considered safe for children over the age of 3, the dosage must be strictly controlled. It is not approved for the treatment of chronic lung conditions in children without a full medical evaluation. Parents should be aware of the risk of choking if dried leaf preparations are not properly strained or if capsules are given to young children.
The primary concern in the elderly is polypharmacy. Since many older adults take multiple medications for chronic conditions (e.g., blood thinners, blood pressure medication), the risk of Althaea interfering with the absorption of these drugs is high. Additionally, elderly patients with reduced thirst sensation must be reminded to take Althaea with sufficient fluids to avoid esophageal irritation.
There are no specific restrictions for patients with renal impairment, but these patients should be monitored for fluid balance, especially if they are on a fluid-restricted diet and are taking Althaea as an infusion.
No dosage adjustments are required for patients with hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh Class A, B, or C). The herb does not undergo significant hepatic metabolism that would lead to toxicity in the presence of liver disease.
> Important: Special populations require individualized medical assessment.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf acts primarily through its high concentration of mucilage polysaccharides (6-10%). These polymers consist of a backbone of D-galactose, L-rhamnose, D-glucuronic acid, and D-galacturonic acid.
| Parameter | Value |
|---|---|
| Bioavailability | Negligible (for polysaccharides) |
| Protein Binding | N/A (not systemically absorbed) |
| Half-life | N/A (local action) |
| Tmax | Immediate (local) |
| Metabolism | Colonic bacterial fermentation |
| Excretion | Fecal (major) |
Althaea Officinalis Leaf is classified as a Non-Standardized Plant Allergenic Extract [EPC]. In a therapeutic context, it is categorized as a Botanical Demulcent and an Antitussive (Peripheral Type).
Medications containing this ingredient
Common questions about Althaea Officinalis Leaf
Althaea Officinalis Leaf, commonly known as marshmallow leaf, is primarily used for its soothing demulcent properties to treat irritations of the mouth, throat, and stomach. It is highly effective for relieving dry, tickly coughs by forming a protective layer over the inflamed mucous membranes. Additionally, in clinical immunology, it is used as a non-standardized allergenic extract for skin testing to diagnose specific plant allergies. Some people also use it traditionally to soothe digestive issues like mild gastritis or acid reflux. Always consult a healthcare provider before using it to ensure it is appropriate for your specific health needs.
The most common side effects of Althaea Officinalis Leaf are mild and typically involve the gastrointestinal system. Because of its high mucilage and fiber content, some users may experience bloating, gas, or a slight softening of the stool. When used as a skin test extract, the most common 'side effect' is a localized itchy red bump (wheal) at the site of the test, which is the intended diagnostic reaction. Serious side effects are extremely rare but can include severe allergic reactions like anaphylaxis in sensitive individuals. Most people tolerate the herb very well when taken with adequate amounts of water.
There is no known direct chemical interaction between Althaea Officinalis Leaf and alcohol that would cause a dangerous reaction. However, alcohol is a known irritant to the mucous membranes of the throat and the stomach lining, which are the very areas Althaea is meant to protect. Drinking alcohol while trying to treat a sore throat or gastritis with marshmallow leaf may significantly reduce the effectiveness of the herb. For the best results, it is recommended to avoid alcohol until your symptoms have fully resolved. If you are taking a liquid extract that contains alcohol as a preservative, the amount is usually too small to cause an interaction.
The safety of Althaea Officinalis Leaf during pregnancy has not been established through rigorous clinical trials, so it should be used with caution. While it has been used traditionally for many years, its potential to affect blood sugar levels and the absorption of other nutrients means it should only be taken under medical supervision. There is no current evidence of it causing birth defects, but the lack of data means a cautious approach is best. Pregnant women should always discuss the use of any herbal supplement with their obstetrician or midwife. It is particularly important to avoid using it as a substitute for necessary medical treatments during pregnancy.
For soothing a sore throat or a dry cough, Althaea Officinalis Leaf usually begins to work almost immediately as the liquid or syrup passes over the irritated tissues. The protective coating it provides can offer relief that lasts for several hours. If you are taking it for digestive issues, it may take 30 to 60 minutes to form a protective layer in the stomach. For diagnostic allergy testing, the skin reaction typically appears within 15 to 20 minutes after the extract is applied. If you do not see an improvement in your symptoms after a few days of use, you should consult your doctor for a further evaluation.
Yes, you can stop taking Althaea Officinalis Leaf suddenly without experiencing any withdrawal symptoms or physical dependence. It is a botanical substance that does not alter brain chemistry or hormonal balance in a way that requires a tapering period. However, if you were using it to manage a persistent symptom like a dry cough or stomach irritation, those symptoms may return once the protective mucilage layer is no longer being replenished. If your symptoms were severe, it is best to discuss the reason for stopping with your healthcare provider. There are no known 'rebound' effects associated with this herb.
If you miss a dose of Althaea Officinalis Leaf, you should take it as soon as you remember, provided it is not too close to your next scheduled dose. If it is almost time for your next dose, simply skip the missed one and continue with your regular schedule. Because Althaea is often used on an 'as-needed' basis for symptom relief, missing a single dose is generally not a cause for concern. You should never take a double dose to make up for a missed one, as this could lead to mild stomach upset or bloating. Consistency is most important if you are using it to provide continuous protection for the stomach lining.
There is no evidence to suggest that Althaea Officinalis Leaf causes weight gain. The leaf itself is very low in calories, and the mucilage polysaccharides are not absorbed as a significant source of energy by the body. In fact, because it is a form of soluble fiber, it may actually promote a feeling of fullness, which can theoretically help with appetite control. However, some commercial marshmallow syrups contain high amounts of sugar or honey to improve the taste, and excessive consumption of these syrups could contribute to caloric intake. Always check the label of your specific product for added sugars or sweeteners.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf can interact with the absorption of other oral medications because its mucilage creates a physical barrier in the digestive tract. To avoid this, you should take Althaea at least one hour before or two hours after taking any other medications. This is especially important for drugs that require precise dosing, such as blood thinners, heart medications, or birth control pills. It may also increase the effects of diabetes medications, potentially leading to low blood sugar. Always provide your doctor or pharmacist with a full list of all supplements and medications you are currently taking.
Althaea Officinalis Leaf is widely available as a generic herbal supplement and is sold under many different brand names and in various forms like teas, capsules, and syrups. Because it is a botanical product, it does not have a 'generic' in the same way a synthetic drug like ibuprofen does, but you can find 'Marshmallow Leaf' products from many different manufacturers. For allergenic extracts used in hospitals, these are often produced by specialized biological laboratories and are usually referred to by their standard name rather than a brand name. Always look for products that have been third-party tested for purity and quality.